Inland Container Depot Market Size, Share, Growth, Report 2025 to 2034

Inland Container Depot Market Size and Growth 2025 to 2034

The global inland container depot market size was reached at USD 30.57 billion in 2024 and is expected to be worth around USD 52.86 billion by 2034, exhibiting at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.63% over the forecast period 2025 to 2034. The inland container depot (ICD) market is witnessing significant growth due to the surge in global trade volumes and the increasing demand for efficient intermodal logistics solutions. According to the World Trade Organization, global merchandise trade volume grew by 2.7% in 2023, with containerized cargo contributing a substantial share. This growth has intensified the need for strategically located ICDs to streamline cargo handling, customs clearance, and onward transportation. Moreover, the increased frequency of container traffic from inland manufacturing zones to major seaports has led to congestion challenges, which ICDs help mitigate by serving as cargo aggregation and decongestion hubs. For instance, Indian Railways reported a 14% year-on-year rise in container rail traffic in 2023, a trend that directly benefits ICD operations.

Government initiatives and policy reforms have also been crucial in driving ICD market development. Programs such as India’s PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan and the Dedicated Freight Corridor (DFC) have accelerated the creation of integrated logistics infrastructure. As part of this initiative, over 200 logistics infrastructure projects have been identified for implementation, including new ICDs and dry ports. Additionally, customs automation through the ICEGATE platform has enabled faster cargo clearance at ICDs, reducing average dwell time by 20–30% in several locations. Private sector participation is also growing, with logistics companies like DP World, Adani Logistics, and CONCOR investing in expanding ICD networks, digitization, and rail connectivity. These combined developments are fostering a more efficient and integrated supply chain ecosystem, fueling long-term ICD market growth.

What is an Inland Container Depot?

An Inland Container Depot (ICD) is a dry port facility located away from a coastal seaport, designed to handle the storage, consolidation, and movement of containerized cargo. It operates as an extension of a seaport, allowing for customs clearance, warehousing, and container handling closer to inland industrial and manufacturing zones. ICDs are essential for decongesting seaports, facilitating efficient cargo flow, and reducing transportation costs, especially in regions that are far from maritime ports. These facilities play a crucial role in export-import trade by streamlining the logistics chain between the point of origin and final destination.

Types of ICDs are generally categorized based on their functionality and the nature of cargo they handle. These include dry cargo ICDs for general goods, reefer ICDs for temperature-controlled shipments, and hazardous cargo ICDs for chemicals or dangerous goods. Applications of ICDs span across multiple industries such as automotive, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, FMCG, electronics, and textiles, where they are used for cargo consolidation, customs processing, intermodal transfer, and temporary storage. Their growing importance in trade logistics is further supported by government policies aimed at improving inland connectivity and reducing port congestion.

Inland Container Depot Market Report Highlights

• The Asia-Pacific has held dominant position, accounting for revenue share of 39.25% in 2024.
• The North America has reported revenue share of 28.21% in 2024.
• By service type, the storage services segment has captured revenue share of 31.45% in 2024.
• By cargo type, the dry cargo segment has garnered revenue share of 44.30% in 2024.

Inland Container Depot Market Recent Trends

Expansion of Inland Ports to Alleviate Coastal Congestion

• With rising international trade and increasing pressure on major seaports, many countries are developing inland ports or Inland Container Depots (ICDs) to streamline cargo movement, reduce port congestion, and enhance supply chain efficiency. Inland ports allow for containers to be moved via rail or road from congested coastal ports to inland areas where they can be processed or distributed. For instance, the United States has developed successful inland ports like the Greer Inland Port in South Carolina and Alliance Global Logistics Hub in Texas. These facilities have helped shift a significant volume of container traffic away from coastal bottlenecks, reducing congestion and improving turnaround time for ships.

Table: Global Inland Port Developments

Integration of Free Trade Zones with Inland Container Depots

• The combination of ICDs with Free Trade Zones (FTZs) is becoming a global best practice to enhance logistics efficiency and attract foreign investment. These FTZs allow companies to import, manufacture, and re-export goods without heavy customs procedures or tariffs. Countries like the UAE, China, and Djibouti have strategically integrated ICDs with FTZs to promote economic zones and generate employment. For instance, the Djibouti International Free Trade Zone (DIFTZ) spans over 4,800 hectares and is one of Africa’s largest such zones, with investments exceeding USD 3.5 billion. This trend is also gaining popularity in Latin America and Southeast Asia, where regional supply chain hubs are being developed. 

Technological Advancements in Port Operations

• Smart port technologies are revolutionizing ICD operations globally. These include the use of AI for predictive cargo tracking, IoT for asset monitoring, RFID-based container tracking, and automated cranes for faster handling. Leading companies like APM Terminals and DP World are adopting such technologies to enhance container turnaround, reduce operational costs, and meet sustainability goals. APM Terminals, for example, plans to achieve net-zero emissions by 2040 and has already achieved a 65% reduction in Scope 1 and 2 emissions by 2030 at select terminals through automation and electric equipment. Blockchain is another game-changer, being used for transparent and tamper-proof documentation of shipments. The Port of Rotterdam has launched pilot projects using blockchain for smart cargo tracking.

Strategic Investments by Global Port Operators

• Global port companies are increasingly targeting inland logistics networks to extend their reach beyond coastal regions. DP World, one of the largest port operators, is building inland logistics centers in Mexico, India, and East Africa. These centers are being positioned as cargo handling hubs for international shipments moving inland from major ports. For example, in Mexico, DP World is working with the government to create a US-bound cargo corridor from the south, reducing dependency on U.S. West Coast ports.

Report Scope

Inland Container Depot Market Dynamics

Market Drivers

Rising Global Trade and Containerization

• With the continuous growth in international trade, containerized cargo movement has seen a significant rise. According to the UNCTAD, over 80% of global trade by volume and 70% by value is carried by sea, with containers playing a central role. Inland Container Depots help bridge the gap between seaports and inland regions by offering efficient customs clearance, warehousing, and transport. For example, China-Europe rail freight saw a 10% increase in 2023, pushing the demand for dry ports along the Silk Road route like Khorgos (Kazakhstan) and Duisburg (Germany). This trade expansion necessitates inland ports for smoother cargo handling and distribution.

Government Infrastructure Initiatives

• Governments worldwide are investing in logistics infrastructure to improve trade competitiveness. The U.S. Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (2021) allocates over USD 17 billion for port infrastructure, which includes support for inland ports and multimodal hubs. In India, the PM Gati Shakti initiative promotes integrated logistics networks, and CONCOR operates over 60 ICDs nationwide. These initiatives enhance regional cargo handling capabilities and reduce pressure on coastal ports, directly fueling the inland container depot market.

Market Restraints

High Initial Capital and Operational Costs

• Developing and operating ICDs requires large investments in land, equipment, transportation networks, and regulatory compliance. For example, Ethiopia’s Modjo Dry Port cost around USD 150 million, a significant figure for developing economies. Moreover, ICDs need regular upgrades to accommodate evolving trade volumes and technologies. For private players, ROI can be slow, especially when demand is uneven or dependent on seasonal exports like agriculture or textiles, limiting scalability in certain regions.

Regulatory and Customs Bottlenecks

• While ICDs aim to ease customs and logistics, in many regions, inconsistent regulatory frameworks and outdated clearance procedures cause delays. In Sub-Saharan Africa, customs clearance can take 3–7 days longer at inland facilities due to staffing, connectivity, or bureaucratic hurdles. In India, exporters have cited delays in electronic data interchange (EDI) connectivity between ICDs and ports. These bottlenecks reduce efficiency, discourage usage, and create mistrust among logistics players.

Market Opportunities

Expansion into Landlocked Countries and Emerging Trade Corridors

• Many landlocked countries lack direct access to seaports, making ICDs essential for managing imports and exports efficiently. These countries are increasingly investing in inland port infrastructure to become regional trade hubs. For example, Rwanda’s Kigali Logistics Platform, operated by DP World, acts as a gateway for cargo coming from Kenya’s Mombasa Port. It cut cargo clearance time from 14 days to 3 days, significantly improving trade efficiency.

Growth of E-Commerce and Third-Party Logistics (3PL) Integration

• With the explosive growth of e-commerce, especially in Asia-Pacific and Latin America, there is increasing demand for fast and reliable inland logistics solutions. ICDs are now being reimagined as fulfillment and consolidation centers for e-commerce and retail companies. For example, Amazon India uses ICDs in northern India to streamline cross-border deliveries by partnering with logistics firms like CONCOR.

Market Challenges

Poor Last-Mile Connectivity

• One of the key challenges for ICDs is inadequate last-mile road and rail connectivity, especially in developing countries. For instance, in East Africa, the lack of paved roads between the Port of Mombasa and inland ICDs in Uganda and Rwanda leads to long transit times and high logistics costs. According to the World Bank, transportation costs in Africa can be 70% higher than the global average. Without dedicated freight corridors and better multimodal links, the efficiency of ICDs remains limited.

Competition from Emerging Logistics Models

• The rise of direct port delivery (DPD) and near-port logistics parks is reducing the dependency on inland depots. Many companies prefer to set up fulfillment centers closer to ports to avoid additional transportation costs and time. In Europe and parts of China, near-port automation hubs are replacing the need for distant ICDs, especially for time-sensitive industries like e-commerce. This growing trend could reduce the long-term demand for conventional ICDs unless they adapt through digital upgrades or value-added services.

Inland Container Depot Market Segmental Analysis

The inland sontainer depot market is segmented into service type, cargo type and region. Based on service type, the market is classified into storage services, handling services, customs clearance, transportation services, and maintenance & repair services. Based on cargo type, the market is classified into dry cargo, liquid cargo, reefer cargo, and hazardous cargo.

Service Type Analysis

Storage Services: Storage services involve short-term and long-term container storage at inland depots before or after customs clearance. These services are essential for managing cargo flow and ensuring timely distribution. The growing volume of international trade and container traffic is driving demand for larger, automated storage facilities. Innovations such as RFID tracking and smart yard management systems are being implemented to optimize space and turnaround time. Global logistics players like DP World and Hutchison Ports are expanding storage capabilities in regions like Africa and Central Asia to support increasing cargo volumes.

Handling Services: Handling services include loading, unloading, stacking, and moving containers within the ICD premises. This segment is experiencing steady growth due to rising imports/exports and the need for efficient container operations. Automation of container handling equipment, such as RTGs (Rubber Tyred Gantry cranes) and automated reach stackers, is improving operational efficiency. Countries like Germany and China are investing in advanced equipment to reduce manpower dependence and minimize handling times, supporting growth in this segment.

Customs Clearance: Customs clearance services support the legal documentation and compliance processes for imports and exports. This segment is growing rapidly as governments push for paperless trade and faster clearances. The adoption of digital platforms such as single-window systems and blockchain-based clearance is significantly reducing processing times. For instance, Kenya’s Nairobi ICD saw a 30% improvement in cargo clearance time through digitization. Growing trade volumes and regulatory reforms are further enhancing this segment’s importance.

Transportation Services: Transportation services involve first-mile and last-mile delivery of containers to and from seaports, industrial zones, and warehouses. The shift toward multimodal logistics integrating road, rail, and inland waterways is fueling growth in this segment. Investments in dedicated freight corridors, particularly in India and the EU, are boosting rail-linked ICDs. As sustainability becomes a focus, companies are introducing electric and CNG-based transport fleets to reduce emissions and improve cost efficiency.

Maintenance & Repair Services: Maintenance and repair services cater to the inspection, cleaning, and repair of containers, especially those used for reefer or hazardous cargo. This niche segment is gaining traction in high-volume depots and regions handling specialized goods. With the rise in pharmaceutical and perishables trade, there’s growing need for refrigerated container servicing. Facilities in hubs like Singapore and Rotterdam are expanding their service bays to include temperature control calibration, washing stations, and ISO tank repairs.

Cargo Type Analysis

Dry Cargo: Dry cargo includes non-liquid goods such as electronics, textiles, machinery, and packaged food. It is the most dominant cargo segment in ICDs globally. The rise of manufacturing hubs in Asia-Pacific and increasing exports from China, India, and Vietnam contribute to the demand for dry cargo handling. This segment benefits from simplified handling requirements and compatibility with most container types. ICDs across Southeast Asia and Eastern Europe are expanding to accommodate the growing dry cargo traffic.

Liquid Cargo: Liquid cargo encompasses oils, chemicals, and industrial liquids transported in ISO tanks or flexi-tanks. While smaller in share, this segment is showing gradual growth due to demand from chemical and petrochemical sectors. ICDs near industrial belts in countries like UAE and Brazil are building capabilities to handle bulk liquids securely. The need for temperature regulation, spill containment, and specialized equipment is driving investment in customized handling systems for liquid cargo.

Reefer Cargo: Reefer cargo refers to temperature-sensitive goods such as food, pharmaceuticals, and flowers. With the global increase in perishable goods trade and vaccine distribution, this segment is witnessing robust growth. European countries like the Netherlands and Germany have expanded reefer storage at ICDs with advanced monitoring systems. In Asia, rising food exports from Thailand and India are fueling demand for reefer-capable inland facilities. ICDs are increasingly integrating cold chain logistics to meet stringent product integrity standards.

Hazardous Cargo: Hazardous cargo includes chemicals, flammable items, batteries, and radioactive materials. Although this segment is highly regulated and relatively small, its strategic importance is growing. Rising demand for electric vehicle (EV) batteries and industrial chemicals is pushing the need for ICDs with certified hazardous goods storage. Facilities in China, the U.S., and Germany are setting up fireproof containers, gas detection systems, and emergency protocols to safely manage these cargos.

Inland Container Depot Market Regional Analysis

The inland container depot market is segmented into various regions, including North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and LAMEA. 

Asia-Pacific: Dominating the Inland Container Depot Market

Asia-Pacific leads the global market, holding the largest market share in 2024. The region’s dominance is fueled by high trade volumes, robust manufacturing hubs, and strong government investments in logistics infrastructure. Countries like China, India, and Japan have rapidly expanded their inland port networks to support international and domestic freight movement. India, for instance, has developed over 400 ports and logistics hubs, backed by more than USD 80 billion in investments. The adoption of digital technologies and multi-modal transportation systems further enhances operational efficiency, reinforcing Asia-Pacific's top position in the global ICD market.

North America: Fastest-Growing Region in the ICD Market

North America is emerging as the fastest-growing region, driven by its well-integrated logistics ecosystem and rising import-export activities. The United States and Canada have strategically positioned ICDs that connect seaports to inland cities, reducing congestion and transit costs. Investments in smart logistics, automation, and infrastructure modernization are propelling growth. Government support for sustainable freight and enhanced trade routes has made the region a hotspot for ICD expansion. The corporate sector’s emphasis on efficient supply chain management also contributes to North America’s strong momentum in this space.

Europe: A Technologically Advanced and Steady ICD Market

Europe holds a significant share of the market, thanks to its advanced transport infrastructure and commitment to sustainable logistics. Countries like Germany, the Netherlands, and France have developed highly efficient intermodal terminals that support rail, road, and barge connectivity. The European Union’s policies on green transport and reduced carbon emissions further spur innovation in the ICD sector. As part of the EU Green Deal, logistics providers are increasingly adopting eco-friendly practices and smart port technologies, ensuring that Europe remains a stable and mature market in global ICD operations.

LAMEA (Latin America, Middle East & Africa): Emerging Opportunities in ICD Expansion

The LAMEA region is an emerging market, witnessing steady growth due to expanding trade routes and infrastructure development. Brazil and Mexico are investing in port-to-inland connectivity to streamline agricultural and industrial exports. In the Middle East, countries like the UAE and Saudi Arabia are focusing on logistics diversification through dry port development as part of their economic transformation plans. Africa, meanwhile, is enhancing its inland logistics with support from international funding and partnerships to improve trade efficiency. Although LAMEA's current market share is smaller, ongoing developments and policy reforms are expected to fuel its future growth in the ICD market.

Inland Container Depot Market Revenue Share, By Region, 2024 (%)

Inland Container Depot Market Top Companies

• Boasso Global
• Hapag Llyod
• Container Corporation of India (CONCOR)
• Maersk
• Gati Limited
• APM Terminals
• Abu Dhabi Terminals
• Hutchison Ports
• DP World
• PSA International
• GAC
• Freightliner Group Ltd

The inland container depot (ICD) market is shaped by a highly competitive landscape, where leading global and regional players are focusing on infrastructure expansion, digitalization, and strategic partnerships to gain a competitive edge. Companies such as DP World, Maersk, APM Terminals, and PSA International are heavily investing in modernizing ICD facilities, enhancing multimodal connectivity, and integrating smart logistics solutions. In India, CONCOR and Gati Limited are driving growth through the development of transshipment hubs and direct port delivery services. Meanwhile, players like Abu Dhabi Terminals and Hutchison Ports are strengthening their positions through regional expansion and collaboration with shipping lines. As trade volumes rise and supply chains evolve, these companies are adopting technology-driven solutions and sustainable practices to streamline operations, reduce costs, and cater to the growing demand for efficient inland logistics.

Recent Developments

• In February 2025, AD Ports Group inaugurated its first inland dry port facility, Al Faya Dry Port, strategically located between Abu Dhabi and Dubai. This facility aims to enhance connectivity with Khalifa Port and improve logistics services across the UAE.
• In May 2024, CONCOR commenced a direct port delivery container service for Jawaharlal Nehru Port in Maharashtra. This service aims to reduce costs and overall dwell time by delivering import containers directly to pre-approved clients at the port.
• In November 2023, Allcargo Gati Ltd established a state-of-the-art Surface Transhipment Centre and Distribution Warehouse near Bengaluru, Karnataka. Spanning 3.5 lakh sq. ft., this facility is designed to manage over 500 vehicles per day, strengthening Gati's warehousing capabilities in the region.
• In February 2023, DP World won a major concession to develop, operate, and maintain a mega-container terminal at Deendayal Port in Gujarat, India. The project involves constructing a terminal with a 1,100-meter berth, capable of handling vessels carrying over 18,000 TEUs, with a total capacity of 2.19 million TEUs.

Market Segmentation

By Service Type

• Storage Services
• Handling Services
• Customs Clearance
• Transportation Services
• Maintenance & Repair Services

By Cargo Type

• Dry Cargo
• Liquid Cargo
• Reefer Cargo
• Hazardous Cargo

By Region

• North America
• APAC
• Europe
• LAMEA